Knowledge of Legal rules and Regulations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Knowledge of Legal rules and Regulations - Essay Example From criteria set by employers alone, it is clear that those in the geomatics profession are expected to be knowledgeable of legal rules and regulations relative to their work, and institutes of higher learning are taking notice. The curriculum design for the Geomatic Engineering Education at the University of Mines and Technology (UMaT) in Ghana includes among others Land Law, Law of Contract and Tort.2 On the other hand, survey law, legal surveys procedures, and property rights systems are marked as field skills for geomatics by the Canadian Geomatics Industry, one considered as historically very strong technologically.3. The land surveyors and land survey technicians may have the local land laws as their guide in their work, and student surveyors, their special knowledge of relevant subjects including law.4 Unquestionably, education in geomatics is evolving and developing.5 Geomatics empl II. Geomatics as service Geomatics employs techniques used in land surveying, remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS), global positioning system (GPS), and related forms of earth mapping.6 Said to be coined by B. Dubuisson in 1969, the term "geomatics" has its exact definition still shifting. Among so many names, the University of Calgary's web page refers to it as "geomatics engineering." 7 The term, "geomatics," however, has been adopted by the International Organization for Standardization, the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, and other authorities, while some countries like the United States prefer the term, "geospatial technology.." Geomatics is actually a union of geography and information technology, with the purpose of improving business and policy decision-making, 8 A report of the Federation Internationale des Geometres (FIG) Commission 7 of 1998 reflects the overriding weaknesses of the then-existing cadastral systems as having limited computerization, with inefficient linkage between land registration and cadastral mapping, with incomplete legal framework, sporting little map accuracy, with slow updating, slow customer service, and unsuitable financing model, among other things.9 Advances in computer technology, however, has enabled the rapid progress of geomatics since the 1990s.10 Due to the ease in procuring and working on spatial referenced data, changes have been rapid in geomatics with forceful impact.11 The geomatician's role of surveying in the 1980's has shifted dramatically from acquiring data to today's total information management.12 With various surveying or mapping disciplines involved in different levels of geo-information, geomatics has become a must in almost all courses all over the globe.13. Geomatics

Personal Income and Its Disposition Research Paper

Personal Income and Its Disposition - Research Paper Example Marginal Propensity to Consume or MPC shows the relationship between the change in consumption and change in income (Baumol and Blinder 535). Thus, I computed MPC by dividing the change in Nominal Personal Consumption Expenditures by the change in Nominal Personal Disposable Income (MPC= change in Nominal Personal Consumption Expenditures/ change in Nominal Personal Disposable Income). And to get the changes in both the Nominal Personal Consumption Expenditures and Nominal Personal Disposable Income, I utilized the figures provided for the 1st and 2nd quarters of 2011 (MPC = Nominal Personal Consumption Expenditures 2nd quarter 2011- Nominal Personal Consumption Expenditures 1st quarter 2011/ Nominal Personal Disposable Income 2nd quarter 2011 - Nominal Personal Disposable Income 1st quarter 2011). Substituting the figures in this formula, change in Nominal Personal Consumption Expenditures ($10 676B- $10 571.7B) is equal to $104.3B and change in Nominal Personal Disposable Income ($ 11 591.5B- $ 11 481B) is equal to $110.5B. Dividing the changes ($104.3B/ $110.5B), MPC is equal to 0.94. Without long computations and just using the economic formula, MPC + MPS = 1, I can infer that Marginal Propensity to Save or MPS is 1- 0.94 or simply 0.06. To check my answer, I performed the long computation. Marginal Propensity to Save or MPS tells us about the relationship of change in savings and change in income. It is computed by dividing the change in Nominal Personal Savings by the change in Nominal Personal Disposable Income. Again, I used both the figures provided by the table for the 1st and 2nd quarters of 2011. Change in Nominal Personal Savings is equal to Nominal Personal Savings 2nd quarter 2011- Nominal Personal Savings 1st quarter 2011. Substituting the figures, $588.9B- $578.9B, results in a change of $10B. After dividing this change by the change in Nominal Personal Disposable Income of $110.5B, MPS is equal to 0.09. Average Propensity to Consume (APC) is co mputed by using almost the same formula with MPC, the difference is rather than using changes in consumption and income, this time total consumption and total income will be used. This means that Nominal Personal Consumption Expenditure 2nd quarter of 2011($10 676B) will be divided by the Nominal Personal Income 2nd quarter of 2011($12 922.6B). This results in an APC of 0.83. Average Propensity to Save (APS) also uses the same rule as APC in its computation. It is determined not by using the changes in savings and income but by the total income and savings. Therefore, dividing the Nominal Personal Savings of 2nd quarter of 2011 which is $588.9B by the Nominal Personal Income of 2nd quarter of 2011 which is $12 922.6B, APS is equal to 0.05. Recessionary gaps are closed by the governments by means of fiscal policy. This comes in either changing the government spending or changing the taxes or changing both the government spending and taxes (Baumol and Blinder 559). In this case, if fi scal policymakers will close the recessionary gap of $17.38B by changing the government spending, there should be an increase of $1.04B.